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凉山彝族城乡居民高血压患病率及控制情况的调查分析
Prevalence and Factors Associated with the Prevention and Control of Hypertension in Chinese Yi Populations
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摘要: 目的 了解四川省凉山州彝族城乡居民高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制情况。 方法 对自然人群采用整群随机抽样的方法，于2007年6～9月在四川省凉山州西昌市区及3个乡村的20岁以上的彝族居民开展横断面调查。本研究纳入1 255例有完整人口学资料和实验室检查资料的调查对象进行分析，分为城市/农村、男/女两个层次进行高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率的比较。 结果 彝族居民高血压标化患病率为17.3%，城市居民标化患病率高于农村居民 (25.9% vs.8.9%，P<0.001)。彝族居民高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为29.8%、26.1%、8.8%；城市居民的知晓率(35.0% vs.13.6%，P<0.001)和治疗率(31.1% vs.10.6%，P<0.001)均高于农村居民。年龄增大、女性、年收入≥10 000元、超重或肥胖、总胆固醇升高是彝族城市居民高血压的独立危险因素；而彝族农村居民高血压的患病率仅与年龄和总胆固醇呈独立正相关。 结论 彝族居民高血压患病率高，而知晓率、治疗率和控制率低，需加强防控力度。
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关键词:
- 高血压 患病率 预防和控制 彝族
Abstract: Objective?To estimate the prevalence of hypertension and to identify factors associated with the prevention and control of hypertension in Chinese Yi populations. Methods?A cross-sectional study was conducted in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan province. Random cluster sampling method was adopted to recruit participants. A total of 1 255 Yi people who were 20 years or older from one urban district and three rural villages participated in this study. Demographic and medical and laboratory data were collected from July to September 2007. The prevalence of hypertension and levels of awareness and control of hypertension were calculated and compared between genders and urban and rural residencies. Results?The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension reached 17.3% in the Chinese Yi populations. Urban residents had a significantly higher level of prevalence of hypertension than that of rural residents (25.9% vs.8.9%, P<0.001). Among the hypertensive patients, 2.8% were aware of their high blood pressure, 26.1% were taking antihypertensive medications, and 8.8% had their blood pressures controlled (＜140/90 mm Hg). Urban residents had significantly higher levels of awareness (35%) and endorsement of treatment (31.1%) than their rural counterparts (13.6% for awareness and 10.6% for treatment, P<0.001). For those living in urban areas, higher prevalence of hypertension was associated with older age, being a woman, having higher annual income (≥￥10 000), overweight/obesity and higher levels of total cholesterol. Older age and high levels of total cholesterol were also found to be associated with increased risk of hypertension in the rural residents. Conclusion?Hypertension is prevalent in Yi populations. The awareness and control of hypertension in Yi populations is poor. Public health interventions are needed. -
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期刊类型引用(8)
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4. 王明贵，罗焰. “扩音”“显像”的美名及污名:媒体聚焦和学术聚议互彰的凉山彝族研究热——基于网络平台文章的舆情关照与数据分析. 西南民族大学学报(人文社科版). 2018(10): 48-55 . 百度学术
5. 原晋湘，王冠宇，李悦，李静. 天津某老年大学学员高血压状况及影响因素分析. 中国中医药现代远程教育. 2018(19): 58-60 . 百度学术
6. 李春霞，蒋德勇，黄星辉，肖攀，蒲玉红，廖洪秀，栾荣生. 攀枝花市城乡居民高血压患病率及危险因素的调查分析. 预防医学情报杂志. 2017(11): 1119-1124 . 百度学术
7. 颜穗珺，李会芳. 中国少数民族高血压患病率及其危险因素. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版). 2017(07): 1171-1174 . 百度学术
8. 高艳，张群辉，巴桑扎西，多吉查拉，戴彩霞，袁珂嬛，马晓璞，李文华. 西藏日喀则地区与辽宁某地区高血压病现状比较调查研究. 世界最新医学信息文摘. 2015(04): 152-153 . 百度学术
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