Abstract: Over the past 20 years, clinical molecular diagnostic technology has made rapid development, and became the most promising field in clinical laboratory medicine. In particular, with the development of genomics, clinical molecular diagnostic methods will reveal the nature of clinical diseases in a deeper level, thus guiding the clinical diagnosis and treatments. Many molecular diagnostic projects have been routinely applied in clinical works. This paper reviews the advances on application of clinical diagnostic techniques in infectious disease, tumor and genetic disorders, including nucleic acid amplification, biochip, next-generation sequencing, and automation molecular system, and so on.