Abstract: Objective To analyze the relationship between Toll like receptors (TLRs) mRNA expression levels and HPV16 infection in cervical squamous cell cancer (SCC). Methods Expression levels of TLRs mRNA and HPV16 in tissue samples collected from cervical squamous carcinoma and cervicitis were detected, and the relationship of TLRs mRNA expression and HPV infection was analyzed in two different disease groups. Results Expressions of TLRs mRNA were not related to HPV16 infection in cervical squamous cell cancer. Expression of TLR3 mRNA in cervical SCC was significantly lower than those of cervicitis. Expression of TLR5 mRNA was shown significant difference between moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated cervical SCC (P<0.05). Conclusion Expressions of TLRs mRNA were not related to HPV16 infection in cervical SCC. TLR3 may play a role in the pathogenesis in cervical SCC.