Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between dietary nutrition and premature ovarian failure (POF). Methods A case control study was undertaken in 294 patients recruited from the reproductive endocrine clinic of our hospital over the period from November 2015 to January 2017. The POF group included women with premature ovarian failure ,and women with normal menstruation were included as control group. The dietary and nutritional status of these patients were analyzed and compared. Results A total of 70 POF patients (POF group) and 224 controls participated in this study. No significant differences in age, sex, height, body mass and body mass index (BMI) existed between the two groups. Significant differences were found between the two groups in daily intakes of protein, carbohydrate and dietary fiber (POR=11.652, 95% CI: 3.864-35.135) and dietary fiber intake (OR=7.851, 95% CI: 2.272-27.137) were associated with higher odds of POF. Conclusion Deficiencies of carbohydrate and dietary fiber are associated with premature ovarian failure. 