Abstract: Objective Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death on a global scale. This study aimed to review the clinicopathological featuresof primary lung cancer and the practice in diagnoses and treatments. Methods Medical record of patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2008 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical characteristics of the patients, including pathological type, age, gender, and TNM stage were analyzed. Results A total of 6 458 patients were diagnosed with primary lung cancer, with male patients comprising the majority (male: 66.5%, n=4 291 vs. female: 33.5%, n=2 167). The patients had an average age of 59.22 yr., mostly (61.1%) between 50 and 70 yr. and 5.1% (n=335) under 40 yr.. More than half (53.3%) of the patients were at stage Ⅳ at diagnosis, compared with 10.5% at stage Ⅰ. The most common histological type was adenocarcinoma（ADC, n=3 523, 54.44%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC,n=1 637, 25.35%) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC,n=916, 14.18%). The majority of patients were confirmed with fibrobronchoscopy and surgery, and treated with surgery and chemotherapy.Conclusion Patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer in West China Hospital of Sichuan University are primarily elderly men. Adenocarcinoma is the main type. Fibrobronchoscopyis the main method for diagnosis, and chemotherapy and surgery are the main treatments for lung cancer.