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小切口开放胫骨高位截骨环形外支架固定矫正膝内翻畸形

Open High Tibial Osteotomy Through Small Incision with Annular External Fixator for Treating Genu Varum Deformity

  • 摘要: 目的 评价胫骨高位开放性截骨环形外支架固定矫正膝内翻畸形的治疗效果。 方法 回顾性分析8例10膝胫骨上端内翻导致膝内翻畸形患者临床及术后随访资料。采用小切口开放胫骨高位截骨环形外支架固定截骨端的手术方式,术后1、2、3、6、12、24、36月随访,评价指标包括膝关节内翻角、膝间距、胫骨平台后倾角及Insall-salvai指数、针道感染、骨折愈合时间等。 结果 术前膝关节内翻角度为10°~28°,平均15.3°±2.3°。8例患者均顺利完成手术,术中安放环形外支架固定截骨端,术后患者均有效随访,随访时间24~36月,平均(29.3±3.1)月,外支架固定稳定,无固定失败病例,截骨平面均获得骨性愈合,愈合时间8~12周,平均(11.2±1.5)周,无不愈合或延迟愈合发生。术后膝关节内翻角为-7°~3°,平均为-1.1°±0.6°,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。2例患者发生针道浅部感染,均治愈。 结论 小切口开放胫骨高位截骨环形外支架固定矫正膝内翻畸形具有固定稳定、并发症少等优点,临床疗效满意。

     

    Abstract: Objective To evaluate the outcomes of open high tibial osteotomy through small incision with annular external fixator for treating genu varum deformity. Methods We reviewed 8 cases of open high proximal tibia osteotomy through small incision with annular external fixator for patients (10 knees) with genu varum due to high tibia varum. The patients were followed up 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after the operations. Data about infection, healing, varus angle, knee distance and Insall-Salvati index were retrieved and analysed. Results The patients had a mean varus angle of 15.3°±2.3° (range,10°-28°) before the operations. The operations were all recorded as successful following a (29.3±3.1) mouth (range, 24-36 months) post-operation follow-up, with external fixator remaining stable and no instrument failures. The bones were healed at an average of (11.2±1.5) weeks (range, 8-12 weeks) and there was no nonunion or delayed union. The operations reduced varus angle of the knees to -1.1°±0.6° (range, -7°-3°), indicating a significant improvement compared to that of the pre-operations. There were 2 cases of superficial pin infections. Conclusion Open high tibial osteotomy through small incision with annular external fixator has good fixation stability and satisfactory clinical outcomes with little complications for treating patients with genu varum deformity.

     

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