Abstract: The incidence of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) has been gradually rising in recent years. According to published findings, high triglyceride levels are strongly associated with the severity of acute pancreatitis, and may lead to a higher incidence of complications and worse prognosis. However, the risk factors associated with HTG-AP have not been systematically explored. Early identification and effective management of high triglyceride levels and other potential causes thereof are crucial for reducing the recurrence of acute pancreatitis in clinical practice. Herein, we reviewed the predictive factors of HTG-AP from the perspectives of etiology, pathogenesis, and the relevant biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, Ca²⁺, PT, and D-dimer. We aim to provide important early warning signals for clinicians, thereby helping develop personalized treatment protocols and building a more accurate risk prediction model.