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利用声动力作用诱导细胞焦亡的肝癌治疗方式

Utilizing Sonodynamic Therapy-Induced Pyroptosis for Liver Cancer Therapy

  • 摘要: 肝癌是导致全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一,然而,目前所有肝癌治疗方案都无法实现完全治愈。近年来,关于细胞焦亡的研究在癌症治疗领域备受关注。细胞焦亡是一种炎性细胞死亡,与活性氧(ROS)导致的氧化应激密切相关,诱导细胞焦亡可以抑制肿瘤增殖并提高肿瘤的免疫响应性,被认为是用于开发新的肿瘤治疗方案的治疗机制。声动力疗法(SDT)协同使用声敏剂和低强度聚焦超声,产生具有细胞毒性的ROS,具有一定的肝癌治疗优势和潜力。然而,目前利用SDT的肝癌治疗仍停留在临床前研究阶段,其具体的超声治疗条件、生物学效应及作用机制尚不完全清晰。本文将从细胞焦亡在肝癌治疗中的潜力,SDT产生ROS以治疗癌症的机制和SDT在临床和基础研究中的进展等方面,探讨利用SDT强迫肿瘤中积累超过细胞毒性阈值的ROS,促进细胞发生焦亡,提高机体对肿瘤的免疫反应响应率,以及SDT诱导细胞焦亡的机制在癌症治疗中的应用前景,从而为SDT治疗肝癌的临床转化提供更多理论参考和实验依据。

     

    Abstract: Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, all liver cancer treatment options currently available fail to achieve a complete cure. Recently, research on pyroptosis has attracted significant attention from researchers in the field of cancer therapy. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory cell death closely related to oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The induction of pyroptosis can lead to the inhibition of tumor proliferation and the improvement of tumor immune responsiveness and is considered a novel therapeutic mechanism that can be utilized to develop new cancer therapies. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which involves a synergistic application of sonosensitizers and low-intensity focused ultrasound to generate cytotoxic ROS, demonstrates certain advantages and potentials in the treatment of liver cancer. However, liver cancer treatment utilizing SDT is still in the stage of preclinical research, and the specific conditions of ultrasound treatment, the biological effects, and the mechanisms of action are not fully understood. In this review, we discussed the potential of utilizing pyroptosis in liver cancer treatment, the mechanism of cancer therapy with ROS generated by SDT, and the latest findings concerning SDT from clinical and basic research. We discussed the utilization of SDT to force the accumulation of ROS in tumors to exceed the cytotoxicity threshold. Thus, SDT promotes pyroptosis and enhances the immune response to cancer. Furthermore, we discussed the prospects for applying the mechanism of SDT-induced pyroptosis in cancer therapy, thereby providing a better theoretical and experimental foundation for the clinical translation of SDT for liver cancer treatment.

     

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