中老年群体酒精戒断与生物衰老加速的关系：基于英国生物银行数据库的研究

陈鸿祥; 蔡佳洁; 魏君; 张红梅; 向毅; 黄子桐; 徐浩; 肖雄; 赵星

doi:10.12182/20240360602

中老年群体酒精戒断与生物衰老加速的关系：基于英国生物银行数据库的研究

Alcohol Abstinence and Accelerated Biological Aging Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Evidence From the UK Biobank

摘要

摘要:
目的探究中老年群体中酒精戒断与生物衰老加速的纵向关联，并探索影响该关联的效应修饰因子。
方法基于英国生物银行（UK Biobank, UKB）基线调查与首次重复调查中临床生化数据与人体测量数据，采用Klemera Doubal（KDM）算法构建生物年龄（biological age, BA）并计算BA加速。使用基于多变量线性回归模型的变化分析（change analysis）探究酒精戒断的变化与BA加速的变化之间的关联。将年龄、性别、吸烟、饮茶、喝咖啡和体重指数作为分层因素进行分层分析。
结果共纳入5412名研究对象。与从不饮酒相比，短期戒酒会加速生物衰老〔β=1.00, 95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）：0.15～1.86〕，而长期戒酒则未观察到明显生物衰老加速（β=−0.20, 95%CI：−1.12～0.71）。体重指数可能是潜在的效应修饰因子。
结论短期戒酒会加速生物衰老，而随着戒酒时间的延长，该衰老加速作用会逐渐消退。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the longitudinal association between alcohol abstinence and accelerated biological aging among middle-aged and older adults and to explore the potential effect modifiers influencing the association.
Methods Utilizing the clinico-biochemical and anthropometric data from the baseline and first repeat survey of the UK Biobank (UKB), we employed the Klemera and Doubal method (KDM) to construct the biological age (BA) and calculate BA acceleration. Change analysis based on multivariate linear regression models was employed to explore the association between changes in alcohol abstinence and changes in BA acceleration. Age, sex, smoking status, tea and coffee consumption, and body mass index were considered as the stratification factors for conducting stratified analysis.
Results A total of 5 412 participants were included. Short-term alcohol abstinence (β=1.00, 95% confidence interval CI: 0.15-1.86) was found to accelerate biological aging when compared to consistent never drinking, while long-term abstinence (β=−0.20, 95% CI: −1.12-0.71) did not result in a significant acceleration of biological aging. Body mass index may be a potential effect modifier.
Conclusion Short-term alcohol abstinence was associated with accelerated biological aging, but the effect gradually diminishes over extended periods of abstinence.

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