我国中老年人口腔疾病与抑郁症状的关系研究—基于CHARLS数据的回顾性分析

吴侃; 李巍铭; 闫柳清; 杨尚春; 杨征; 李春洁

doi:10.12182/20211160106

我国中老年人口腔疾病与抑郁症状的关系研究—基于CHARLS数据的回顾性分析

Study of the Relationship between Oral Diseases and Depression Symptoms in Middle-Aged and Older Adult Populations in China—A Retrospective Study Based on CHARLS Data

摘要

摘要:
目的研究我国中老年人患口腔疾病与抑郁症状的关系。

方法分析2013−2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查纵向研究（CHARLS）数据，采用抑郁自评量表（CES-D-10）得分筛选出2013年中年老人群中无抑郁症状的样本3828例作为观察对象，将患口腔疾病作为因变量，追踪观察人群在2015年抑郁症状的变化，运用Cox比例风险模型估计口腔疾病与抑郁症状之间的关系。

结果患口腔疾病中老年人群抑郁症状检出率为29.3%，未患口腔疾病中老年人群抑郁症状检出率为20.4%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。在控制混杂因素后，Cox比例风险模型发现患口腔疾病与抑郁症状之间存在关联〔风险比率（HR）=0.683，95%置信区间（CI）：0.583～0.800 〕，中老年女性患口腔疾病（HR=0.708，95%CI：0.573～0.874）较男性（HR=0.644，95%CI：0.506～0.819）更容易出现抑郁症状（P<0.05）。

结论我国中老年人群患口腔疾病容易导致抑郁症状的产生，且女性高于男性。在口腔疾病治疗过程中应积极采取预防控制措施，促进中老年人的心理健康。

Abstract:
Objective To study the relationship between oral disease and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adult populations in China.

Methods The data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) done between 2013 and 2015 were analyzed. A total of 3828 middle-aged and older adults showing no depressive symptoms in an assessment with the 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) were selected as the subjects of observation, and oral disease was taken as the dependent variable. Changes in depressive symptoms in the population were tracked in 2015, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the relationship between oral diseases and depressive symptoms.

Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 29.3% in middle-aged and older adults with oral diseases, and that of middle-aged and older adults without oral diseases was 20.4%, the difference being statistically significant (P<0.001). After controlling for confounding factors, Cox proportional hazards model analysis found an association between oral diseases and depressive symptoms (hazard ratio HR=0.683, 95% confidence interval CI: 0.583-0.800). It was more likely for middle-aged and older women (HR=0.708, 95% CI: 0.573-0.874) with oral diseases to develop depressive symptoms than men (HR=0.644, 95% CI: 0.506-0.819) did (P<0.05).

Conclusion Oral diseases in the middle-aged and older adult populations tended to lead to depressive symptoms, and women showed higher rate than men did. Prevention and control measures should be taken actively in the course of oral disease treatment to promote mental health of middle-aged and older adults.

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