正常体质量指数的中老年人腹型肥胖与糖尿病关联研究

吴洋洋; 雷普超; 李玲玲; 叶睿雪; 王庆志; 孙畅; 高洁; 杜艳; 周欢

doi:10.12182/20210360603

正常体质量指数的中老年人腹型肥胖与糖尿病关联研究

The Association Between Abdominal Obesity and Diabetes among Middle-aged and Older Adults with Normal BMI

摘要

摘要:
目的明晰我国正常体质量指数（BMI）的中老年人腹型肥胖与糖尿病的关系，为该类人群制定有针对性的糖尿病防控措施提供参考依据。
方法采用2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）数据，纳入其中年龄在45岁及以上正常BMI的中老年人作为研究对象，分为非糖尿病组和糖尿病组，分析两组的差异，运用多因素logistic回归分析糖尿病的影响因素。
结果共纳入5 197例BMI正常（18.5～24 kg/m²）的中老年人为研究对象，本组人群糖尿病患病率为11.26%（585/5 197），腹型肥胖率为41.56%（2 160/5 197）；单因素分析结果显示，非糖尿病组和糖尿病组在年龄、居住地、是否高血压、是否血脂异常、是否腹型肥胖方面差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），腹型肥胖者糖尿病发生率为14.21%（307/2 160），非腹型肥胖人群糖尿病发生率为9.15%（278/3 037），前者糖尿病发生率高于后者，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。多因素logistic回归结果表明，腹型肥胖、年龄≥60岁老年人、居住在城市、患有高血压和血脂异常者患糖尿病的可能性更大。
结论我国正常BMI的中老年人中，腹型肥胖和糖尿病的患病状况不容乐观，且腹型肥胖可能与糖尿病发生风险升高有关。

Abstract:
Objective To explore the relationship between abdominal obesity and diabetes among middle-aged and older adults with normal body mass index (BMI) and to provide reference information for formulating targeted diabetes prevention and control measures for this population.
Methods Data were extracted from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) done in 2015. Middle-aged and older adults who were aged 45 and older and had normal BMI were included in the study. According to their status of diabetes, the subjects were divided into two groups, non-diabetes and diabetes groups. χ² test was used to investigate the difference between two groups. Logistic regression was used to do the multivariate analysis of factors influencing diabetes.
Results A total of 5 197 middle-aged and older adults with normal BMI ranging between 18.5 and 24 kg/m² were included. The prevalence of diabetes was 11.26% (585/5 197) and the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 41.56% (2 160/5 197). Univariate analysis showed that the difference in age, residence, the status of hypertension, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity between non-diabetic group and the diabetic group were statistically significant (P<0.01). The prevalence of diabetes among adults with abdominal obesity was 14.2% (307/2 160) and that among people with no abdominal obesity was 9.2% (278/3 037). Compared with people with no abdominal obesity, the prevalence of diabetes among people with abdominal obesity was higher and the difference were statistically significant (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, among middle-aged and older adults with normal BMI, those with abdominal obesity, aged 60 years and older, living in urban areas, having hypertension and having dyslipidemia had higher probability of developing diabetes.
Conclusion Abdominal obesity and diabetes are becoming a serious problem among middle-aged and older adults with normal BMI and abdominal obesity may be related to higher risks of diabetes. It is recommended that more attention is given to abdominal obesity in this population to reduce the possibilities of diabetes.

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