成都市老一代农民工生命质量状况及影响因素分析

侯富壤; 杨洋; 闫柳清; 高瑜阳; 张茜; 代雪梅; 袁萍

doi:10.12182/20200560105

成都市老一代农民工生命质量状况及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Health-related Quality of Life and Influencing Factors among the Older Generation of Migrant Workers in Chengdu City

摘要

摘要:
目的了解成都市老一代农民工健康相关生命质量状况及分布特征，并分析其影响因素，为制定改善老一代农民工健康状况的相关政策提供参考依据。
方法采用应答推动抽样（RDS）方法于2017年6月至2018年6月抽取成都市1980年前出生的非成都市户籍务工人员（老一代农民工）进行面对面问卷调查，调查内容包括调查对象的人口学特征、工作情况、经济状况、患病情况、居住环境以及健康相关生命质量状况，健康相关生命质量状况采用SF-12量表进行评估。
结果共调查老一代农民工1 492人。成都市老一代农民工躯体健康总评（physical component summary，PCS）、心理健康总评（mental component summary，MCS）以及健康相关生命质量总分分别为（50.78±7.54）分、（50.67±10.24）分和（101.45±12.34）分。多重线性回归分析显示，年龄大〔标准化回归系数（Sβ）=−0.061，P=0.026〕、文化程度低（Sβ=−0.053，P=0.038）、未婚/离婚/丧偶（Sβ=−0.064，P=0.009）、患有慢性病（Sβ=−0.156，P<0.001）及两周内患病（Sβ=−0.190，P<0.001）是老一代农民工生命质量的不利因素，收入水平高（Sβ=0.069，P=0.013）、目前有固定工作（Sβ=0.126，P<0.001）、已购买养老保险（Sβ=0.055，P=0.027）和居住环境较好（Sβ=0.060，P=0.016）是老一代农民工生命质量的保护因素。
结论成都市老一代农民工生命质量状况总体较好。但应重点关注年龄较大、文化程度较低、年收入水平较低、患有慢性病、未婚/离婚/丧偶、目前无工作和未购买养老保险的老一代农民工，并采取措施改善该部分人群的健康状况。

Abstract:
Objective To understand the status and distribution characteristics of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the older generation of migrant workers in Chengdu, and analyze the factors influencing the quality of life of the older generation of migrant workers, so as to provide reference for formulating relevant policies to improve the health of the older generation of migrant workers.
Methods From June 2017 to June 2018, the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method was used to select 1 492 non-registered migrant workers born before 1980 living in Chengdu city. The investigation was performed with questionnaire including demographic characteristics, working status, economic status, disease status, living environment and HRQOL.
Results The scores of physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS) and the total score of HRQOL in the older generation of migrant workers were 50.78±7.54, 50.67±10.24 and 101.45±12.34, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that older age (standard regression coefficient (Sβ)=−0.061, P=0.026), low education level (Sβ=−0.053, P=0.038), being unmarried, divorced or widowed (Sβ=−0.064, P=0.009), chronic diseases (Sβ=−0.156, P<0.001), or two-week illness (Sβ=−0.190, P<0.001) were the risk factors of low HRQOL; High income level (Sβ=0.069, P=0.013), having a steady job (Sβ=0.126, P<0.001), having endowment insurance (Sβ=0.055, P=0.027) and satisfactory with the living environment (Sβ=0.060, P=0.016) were the contributing factors factors of high HRQOL.
Conclusion The HRQOL of the older generation of migrant workers in Chengdu is generally good. More attention should be paid to the migrant workers of older age, having lower income, suffering from chronic diseases, being unmarried/divorced/widowed, and lacking endowment insurance. Appropriate measures should be taken to improve the health status of the key groups.

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