地震后儿童和青少年创伤后应激障碍症状的发展轨迹

葛汾汾; 朱鸿儒; 袁敏兰; 张伟; 张骏

doi:10.12182/20200360503

地震后儿童和青少年创伤后应激障碍症状的发展轨迹

Study on the Developmental Trajectory of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Children and Adolescents

摘要

摘要:
目的探究地震后儿童和青少年创伤后应激障碍症状（posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, PTS）发展轨迹的群体异质性及其性别和年龄对轨迹的影响。
方法共有1 623名参与者完成了3次评估，评估时点分别是在地震后2周、3个月和6个月。采用Mplus8.0软件和潜变量增长混合模型（latent growth mixture model，LGMM）方法进行数据的统计分析。
结果暴露于芦山地震的儿童和青少年PTS存在以下4种发展轨迹，即正常应激组(31.1%)、持续受损组(4.5%)、心理恢复组(46.8%)和持续存在轻微症状组(17.6%)。同时，PTS发展轨迹有显著的性别效应（持续受损组的女生比例更高），但无显著的年龄效应。
结论地震后儿童和青少年PTS的发展轨迹有显著的群体异质性并且受到性别的影响。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the heterogeneity of the developmental trajectory of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTS) among children and adolescents after Lushan earthquake and to explore the effect of gender and age on the trajectory.
Methods A total of 1 623 participants completed three assessments at 2 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after the earthquake. Latent growth mixture model (LGMM) was used for statistical analysis in the software Mplus 8.0.
Results The PTS developmental trajectories among children and adolescents exposed to the earthquake had four categories: the normal stress group (31.1%, class 1), the persistent impairment group (4.5%, class 2), the psychological recovery group (46.8%, class 3) and the persistent mild symptom group (17.6%, class 4). The PTS development trajectories were significantly different in two gender groups, and the proportion of girls in the persistently injured group was higher than other three groups. The PTS development trajectories had no difference in two age groups.
Conclusion The developmental trajectories of PTS in children and adolescents after the earthquake have significant population heterogeneity, which is affected by gender.

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