Abstract: Objective To observe whether fetal bovine serum (FBS) will affect the adipogenic ability of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) induced by adipose tissue extract (ATE), and to explore the effects of different FBS protein concentrations in ATE on adipogenic ability, cell proliferation and migration of ADSCs. Methods Rat ADSCs were cultured, passaged, and then subjected to osteogenic and neural induction. The adipose explants were cultured in culture medium with or without FBS, then ATE was collected to induce passage four (P4)-ADSCs, which were subsequently detected with oil red staining on the 7th day and the adipogenic ratio was calculated. Different concentrations of ATE without FBS (100 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL) were used to induce P4-ADSCs before the adipogenic events, and the adipogenic ratio of each concentration group was observed. The effect of different protein concentrations on ADSCs proliferation and migration was also observed. Results Alizarin red staining and NF immunofluorescence staining were positive after the osteogenic and neural induction of cultured ADSCs. Either ATE with or without FBS was able to induce adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs on the 3rd day and there was no significant differences of adipogenic differentiation between ATE with FBS and without FBS on the 7th day. The adipogenic ratio of 500 μg/mL group was higher than that of 100 μg/mL group and 250 μg/mL group (P<0.05). After two days of induction, all the three different protein concentrations could inhibit cell proliferation, and different protein concentrations in ATE had no effect on the migration of ADSCs. Conclusion ATE obtained from culture medium without FBS has no effect on adipogenic capacity of ADSCs in a short period of time. The adipogenic ratio of ADSCs is associated with protein concentration in ATE.