Abstract: 【Abstract】 Brain ischemia pulmonary edema（BIPE）is a critical type of the neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE), with acute development and progression and high mortality. The study on mechanism of BIPE has important scientific significance and substantial practice values. NPE, as a complicated physiopathology condition, is not resulted from single factor but systemic events including the changes in nervous system, body fluid regulation and endocrine involved in central nervous system after the injury. The studies on this topic in this current issue suggested that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) could involve in the pathogenesis procedure of NPE following brain ischemia, which indicated that the crucial role of BDNF in the NPE after BIPE. The findings of these studies pave a way for the treatment of BIPE by using BDNF administration in future clinic trail.