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谢丽, 黎安琪, 李利. 空气污染物和气象因素对皮炎患者门诊量影响的时间序列研究[J]. 四川大学学报（医学版）, 2019, 50(6): 884-890.
引用本文: 谢丽, 黎安琪, 李利. 空气污染物和气象因素对皮炎患者门诊量影响的时间序列研究[J]. 四川大学学报（医学版）, 2019, 50(6): 884-890.
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XIE Li, LI An-qi, LI Li. Impact of Air Pollution and Meteorological Factors on Outpatient Visits for Dermatitis: a Time-series Study[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2019, 50(6): 884-890.
Citation: XIE Li, LI An-qi, LI Li. Impact of Air Pollution and Meteorological Factors on Outpatient Visits for Dermatitis: a Time-series Study[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2019, 50(6): 884-890.
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空气污染物和气象因素对皮炎患者门诊量影响的时间序列研究

Impact of Air Pollution and Meteorological Factors on Outpatient Visits for Dermatitis: a Time-series Study

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  分析环境因素(包括空气污染物和气象因素)对皮炎患者门诊人次的影响。
      方法  收集2011年1月1日至2015年12月31日四川大学华西医院皮肤科门诊诊断为皮炎的患者数据，收集同期成都市空气污染物〔包括SO2、NO2、空气动力学直径小于或等于10 μm的颗粒物(PM10)〕和日均气象数据(平均气压、温度、相对湿度、风速)。采用分布滞后非线性模型分析皮炎患者门诊人次与环境因素的相关性。
      结果  皮炎门诊人次与PM10、风速呈正相关，与SO2、温度呈负相关。单因素模型分析显示，大气污染物SO2、NO2每增加10 μg/m3均可导致皮炎门诊人次增加，相对危险度(RR)分别为1.003〔95%置信区间(CI):1.002~1.004〕、1.002(95%CI:1.001~1.002)，相对湿度每增加10%，皮炎日均门诊量减少的RR值为0.996(95%CI:0.994~0.997)。多污染物模型分析提示各空气污染物对皮炎患者日均门诊量仍有影响。环境因素对皮炎门诊量的滞后效应分析显示，SO2、NO2、PM10对皮炎门诊人次主要为当日效应，相对湿度在当天、滞后2 d及滞后4 d对皮炎门诊人次有保护作用。
      结论  空气污染物可能是皮炎发生的危险因素，相对湿度对皮炎的发生具有保护作用。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To explore the effect of air pollution and meteorological factors on the outpatient visits.
      Methods  Data of outpatient visits for dermatitis in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, air pollutants data (SO2, NO2, PM10) and meteorological data (barometric pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed)from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015 were collected. Distributed lag nonlinear model was used to analyze the influence of air pollution and meteorological factors on the outpatient visits.
      Results  The daily outpatient amountof dermatitis was positively correlated with PM10 and wind speed, and negatively correlated with SO2 and temperature. Univariate analysis showed that therelative risk of daily outpatient visits for a 10 μg/m3 increment in SO2 and NO2 were 1.003 (95%CI: 1.002-1.004) and 1.002 (95%CI:1.001-1.002) respectively. And the relative risk of daily outpatient visits for a 10% increment in relative humidity was 0.996 (95%CI:0.994-0.997).Multi-pollutant models indicated that air pollutant concentrations were significantly associated with the daily outpatient amount of dermatitis. Distributed lag models showed that the effects of SO2, NO2 and PM10 on the daily outpatient amount of dermatitis were mainly observed on the day of exposure. Relative humidity had negative effect on the daily outpatient amount of dermatitis on the day of exposure, in Lag2 days and in Lag4 days.
      Conclusion  Air pollutants may be a risk factor for dermatitis, and relative humidity can reduce the risk of dermatitis.

     

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