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唐凡, 闵理, 王延岭等. 骨盆后环微创螺钉的钉道设计及骨盆三维有限元分析[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2017, 48(5): 673-680.
引用本文: 唐凡, 闵理, 王延岭等. 骨盆后环微创螺钉的钉道设计及骨盆三维有限元分析[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2017, 48(5): 673-680.
TANG Fan, MIN Li, WANG Yan-ling. et al. Design of Minimal Invasive Screw on Posterior Pelvis Ring and Pelvic Finite Element Analysis[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2017, 48(5): 673-680.
Citation: TANG Fan, MIN Li, WANG Yan-ling. et al. Design of Minimal Invasive Screw on Posterior Pelvis Ring and Pelvic Finite Element Analysis[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2017, 48(5): 673-680.

骨盆后环微创螺钉的钉道设计及骨盆三维有限元分析

Design of Minimal Invasive Screw on Posterior Pelvis Ring and Pelvic Finite Element Analysis

  • 摘要: 目的 收集测量骨盆后环解剖数据,设计微创螺钉的钉道,并通过建立骨盆有限元模型,进行三维有限元分析,为后续骶骨骨折及微创螺钉的研究设计打下基础。方法 测量20例健康志愿者骨盆数据,初步筛选确定骨盆后环微创螺钉的设计数据,并建立骨盆有限元模型,进行三维有限元分析,分别进行静态和动态力学加载,进行骨盆有限元模型验证。结果 完成健康志愿者骨盆CT数据测量后,对骨盆进行三维重建,并选择A、B、C 3条髂骨钉钉道,获取钉道A、B、C相关数据,测量结果显示:B、C钉道长度和宽度大于A钉道,钉道进钉点与软组织的距离较A钉道短。建立正常骨盆有限元模型后,静态力学加载结果显示,在施加500 N的外旋载荷下,骨盆受到的最大Von Mises应力为582.05 Pa;骶髂复合体处的受力为107.38 Pa;应变分布显示,在500 N的外旋载荷下,应变分布最大的部位在同侧骶髂关节软骨,对侧骶髂关节软骨和耻骨联合的应变次之。位移分布显示,在500 N的外旋载荷下,位移分布最大的部位在同侧髂骨,沿着同侧对侧方向,位移分布呈梯度降低。同侧髂前上棘处的位移最大为0.35 cm。动态力学加载结果显示,髂前上棘在Z轴方向的位移是1.5 mm,在X轴方向的位移是1.8 mm,在Y轴方向的位移是-0.2 mm。耻骨联合在Z轴方向的位移是0.8 mm,在X轴方向的位移是1.0 mm,在Y轴方向的位移是0.03 mm。Y轴,即沿冲击方向的位移最大。等效应力在耻骨支、坐骨、髂前上棘、骶骨、髋臼等骨折易发生处应力相对较大。随着冲击力的增加,骨盆受到的应力随着时间增大,冲击力下降,其应力也呈下降趋势。冲击力、应力、骨盆位移的最大值在10 ms处,即达到峰值力时候的冲击时间。在4 000 N和5 000 N的冲击力作用下,骨组织的应力超过了200 MPa,超过了其平均屈服强度,提示此时可能会出现骨盆骨折。结论 通过数据测量及分析,得出B/C钉道作为主钉道,A钉道作为辅钉道的设计合理;建立的骨盆有限元模型可作为后续骶骨骨折及内固定模型研究及对比研究的基础。

     

    Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To design minimal invasive screw on posterior pelvic ring and perform threedimensional finite element analysis based on a pelvis finite element model. Methods We measured the pelvic anatomical data of 20 healthy volunteers and identified potential designs for minimal invasive screw on posterior pelvic ring. A finite element model of pelvis was then established. Threedimensional finite element analyses were performed under static and dynamic mechanical loading, respectively. Results Three screw tracks on ilium (A, B and C) were identified based on a threedimensional reconstruction of pelvis. Nail track B and C had greater length and width, but shorter distance between nailing and soft tissue compared with nail track A. Static loading under an external rotation load of 500 N generated a maximum Mises Von stress of 582.05 Pa and sacral iliac complex of 107.38 Pa. The greatest strain was located at the articular cartilage on the side of the nail, followed by lateral sacral joint cartilage and symphysis pubis. The largest displacement was located at the ilium on the side of the nail, with a gradient decrease to the opposite side. The largest displacement of the anterior superior iliac spine was 0.35 cm on the side of the nail. The dynamic loading identified displacement of the anterior superior iliac spine with 1.5 mm in Z axis, 1.8 mm in X axis and -0.2 mm in Y axis; and displacement of the pubic bone with 0.8 mm in Z axis, 1.0 mm in X axis and 0.03 mm in Y axis. The maximum displacement appeared along the impact direction: Y axis. Relatively large equivalent stress was found in pubis and ischium, anterior superior iliac spine, sacrum, acetabular that are prone to fracture. With increased impact force, the stress of pelvis increased over time. The maximum

     

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