A Study on the Risk Factors for Early Postpartum Urinary Incontinence in Chengdu

  Objective  To investigate the incidence of early postpartum urinary incontinence in parturients from Chengdu, and to find out the high-risk factors for reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

  Methods  A total of 9 918 parturient women who gave delivery at the West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2014 to January 2018 were enrolled and reviewed 6 weeks after delivery. The prevalence of urinary incontinence at 6 weeks postpartum was investigated by questionnaire. χ² test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prevalence.

  Results  9 550 parturient women were actually investigated. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 15.53% (1 483/9 550) at 6 weeks postpartum in Chengdu, among which stress urinary incontinence was the most common (73.03%, 1 083/1 483). Univariate analysis showed that age, pelvic surgery history, prenatal body mass index (BMI), urinary incontinence during pregnancy, neonatal body mass, the number of parturition, delivery mode, lateral perineal incision, perineal laceration and prolonged second stage of labor were all correlated with the occurrence of urinary incontinence at 6 weeks postpartum (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cesarean section can reduce the risk of urinary incontinence compared with vaginal delivery 〔odds ratio (OR)=0.373, P < 0.001〕. Age≥35 yr. (OR=1.803, P=0.001), pelvic surgery history (OR=1.260, P=0.003), BMI≥28 kg/m² during pregnancy (OR=1.694, P=0.025), urinary incontinence during pregnancy (OR=2.605, P < 0.001), neonatal body mass ≥4 kg (OR=2.307, P=0.040), multipara (OR=1.284, P=0.023) and perineal laceration (OR=1.372, P=0.035)were independent risk factors for urinary incontinence at 6 weeks postpartum.

  Conclusion  Urinary incontinence at 6 weeks postpartum is not rare in Chengdu, and stress urinary incontinence is more frequent. Eutocia, elderly parturient, multipara, pelvic surgery history, prenatal obesity, urinary incontinence during pregnancy, large neonatal body mass and perineal laceration are the main risk factors for urinary incontinence at 6 weeks postpartum.