Current Status and Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: An Analysis of Relevant Contents in the American Diabetes Association Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is closely associated with short-term and long-term adverse outcomes for both mothers and fetuses. In recent years, with the global prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) constantly rising, there is a significant increase in GDM incidence, with notable regional variations. Current challenges in GDM management include insufficient early screening or diagnosis, limited personalized intervention strategies, and poor adherence to long-term follow-up. Key research priorities for the future include optimizing screening methods for high-risk populations, enhancing targeted lifestyle interventions, and establishing effective follow-up and long-term health management systems. In December 2024, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) released the Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (hereafter referred to as ADA 2025), providing updated perspectives on the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus, as well as an overview of the definition, screening and diagnostic criteria, and management strategies for GDM. Based on ADA (2025) and the circumstances of clinical practice in China, we summarized the latest advancements in GDM research, aiming to improve comprehensive management strategies to prevent, delay, and improve adverse outcomes associated with GDM.