Identifying Depressive Disorder With Sleep Electroencephalogram Data: A Study Based on Deep Learning

TAO Ran; DING Sheng-nan; CHEN Jie; ZHU Xue-min; NI Zhao-jun; HU Ling-ming; ZHANG Yang; XU Yan; SUN Hong-qiang

doi:10.12182/20230360212

Volume 54 Issue 2

Mar. 2023

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JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCIENCES) > 2023 > 54(2): 287-292. > DOI: 10.12182/20230360212

TAO Ran, DING Sheng-nan, CHEN Jie, et al. Identifying Depressive Disorder With Sleep Electroencephalogram Data: A Study Based on Deep Learning[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2023, 54(2): 287-292. DOI: 10.12182/20230360212

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Identifying Depressive Disorder With Sleep Electroencephalogram Data: A Study Based on Deep Learning

1.
Department of Medical Technology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, and Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the National Health Commission (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China
2.
School of Biological and Medical Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China
3.
Department of Sleep Medicine, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, and Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the National Health Commission (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China

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Corresponding author:
CHEN Jie, E-mail: jiechen_pku@bjmu.edu.cn
Received Date: December 13, 2022
Revised Date: February 23, 2023
Available Online: March 19, 2023
Published Date: March 19, 2023

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To explore the effectiveness of using deep learning network combined Vision Transformer (ViT) and Transformer to identify patients with depressive disorder on the basis of their sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) signals.
Methods The sleep EEG signals of 28 patients with depressive disorder and 37 normal controls were preprocessed. Then, the signals were converted into image format and the feature information on frequency domain and spatial domain was retained. After that, the images were transmitted to the ViT-Transformer coding network for deep learning of the EEG signal characteristics of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in patients with depressive disorder and those in normal controls, respectively, and to identify patients with depressive disorder.
Results Based on the ViT-Transformer network, after examining different EEG frequencies, we found that the combination of delta, theta, and beta waves produced better results in identifying depressive disorder. Among the different EEG frequencies, EEG signal features of delta-theta-beta combination waves in REM sleep achieved 92.8% accuracy and 93.8% precision for identifying depression, with the recall rate of patients with depression being 84.7%, and the F_0.5 value being 0.917±0.074. When using the delta-theta-beta combination EEG signal features in NREM sleep to identify depressive disorder, the accuracy was 91.7%, the precision was 90.8%, the recall rate was 85.2%, and the F_0.5 value was 0.914±0.062. In addition, through visualization of the sleep EEG of different sleep stages for the whole night, it was found that classification errors usually occurred during transition to a different sleep stage.
Conclusion Using the deep learning ViT-Transformer network, we found that the EEG signal features in REM sleep based on delta-theta-beta combination waves showed better effect in identifying depressive disorder.
- Depressive disorder,
- Sleep electroencephalogram,
- Deep learning,
- Rapid eye movement sleep,
- Non-rapid eye movement sleep

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Identifying Depressive Disorder With Sleep Electroencephalogram Data: A Study Based on Deep Learning

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