Objective To investigate the prognostic value of the expression of myeloid leukemia factor 1-interacting protein (MLF1IP) in gastric cancer tissue and its regulatory role in tumor progression.
Methods Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to analyze the expression level of MLF1IP in tumor tissues of gastric cancer patients. Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was used to analyze the relationship between MLF1IP expression level and patient prognosis. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 108 gastric cancer patients who had undergone radical surgery at our hospital between January 2015 and December 2015. The expression of MLF1IP in gastric cancer tissue and adjacent tissues was examined. We analyzed the relationship between MLF1IP and the clinicopathological parameters of gastric cancer patients and its impact on the long-term prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were done to identify the risk factors affecting the long-term prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The assessment value of MLF1IP for long-term prognosis of gastric cancer was analyzed with ROC curve. The effects of MLF1IP on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells were analyzed in vitro with gastric cancer cell line (MGC803). A xenograft tumor model was established with nude mice to analyze in vivo the effect of MLF1IP on tumor growth.
Results The results of the gastric cancer cohort GSE29272 of GEO database showed that the expression level of MLF1IP in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (P<0.05). Analysis with Kaplan-Meier Plotter database indicated that high MLF1IP expression was correlated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expression level of MLF1IP in gastric cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the MLF1IP level in gastric cancer tissue was positively correlated with Ki67 (r=0.609, P<0.01), peripheral blood carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (r=0.572, P<0.01) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) (r=0.623, P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis showed that the 5-year survival rate of patients in the MLF1IP high expression group was significantly lower than that in the MLF1IP low expression group (P<0.01). Cox regression analysis showed that independent risk factors for 5-year survival after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer included the expression of MLF1IP (HR=2.508, 95% CI: 1.259-4.999), CEA≥5 μg/L (HR=2.171, 95% CI: 1.152-4.092), CA19-9≥37 kU/L (HR=2.401, 95% CI: 1.094-5.269), and T3-T4 stages (HR=2.779, 95% CI: 1.049-7.358) and N2-N3 stages (HR=2.072, 95% CI: 1.100-3.904). ROC analysis showed that the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MLF1IP (the cut-off value was 3.00 relative protein expression level) in assessing the 5-year survival rate after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer was 75.00%, 76.92%, and 76.2%, respectively (P<0.05). CCK-8, Transwell assay, and scratch assays showed that in vitro knocking down of MLF1IP gene expression significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Subcutaneous tumor xenograft experiment in nude mice showed that knocking down MLF1IP gene significantly inhibited tumor growth.
Conclusion Increased expression of MLF1IP in gastric cancer tissue, which may be involved in the malignant activities of proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells, has a certain predictive value for poor prognosis.
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