Animal Experimental Study of the Role of Menthol and Cineole, Two Tobacco Additives, on Nicotine Dependence

HE Tao; MA Kuo-yan; LÜ Xiao-li; DU Xiang-dong; HU An-ran; YAO Xia; DENG Wei

doi:10.12182/20210760202

Volume 52 Issue 4

Jul. 2021

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JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCIENCES) > 2021 > 52(4): 649-654. > DOI: 10.12182/20210760202

HE Tao, MA Kuo-yan, LÜ Xiao-li, et al. Animal Experimental Study of the Role of Menthol and Cineole, Two Tobacco Additives, on Nicotine Dependence[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2021, 52(4): 649-654. DOI: 10.12182/20210760202

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Animal Experimental Study of the Role of Menthol and Cineole, Two Tobacco Additives, on Nicotine Dependence

1.
Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
2.
Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Scientific Utilization of Tobacco Resources, Chongqing 400060, China
3.
Department of Psychiatry, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Suzhou 215137, China

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Corresponding author:
DENG Wei, E-mail: mrdengwei@163.com
Received Date: June 14, 2020
Revised Date: March 29, 2021
Available Online: July 21, 2021
Published Date: July 19, 2021

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To establish a nicotine intravenous self-administration rat model, and to examine, with this model, the effects of two flavoring additives, menthol and cineole, on nicotine dependence.
Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were included in the study. After jugular venous catheterization was performed, fixed concentration of nicotine was administered in order to train the rats and establish the rat model of intravenous self-administration groups, receiving intraperitoneal injection of menthol, cineole, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the vehicle that was used for the control group. The rats were tested with different fixed-ratio (FR) schedules, including FR1 schedule, in which the rat received one nicotine infusion for every active nose poke, FR2 schedule, in which the rat received one nicotine infusion for every two active nose pokes, and FR5 schedule, in which the rat received one nicotine infusion for every five active nose pokes. The number of active and inactive poke responses and the number of nicotine infusion were documented accordingly.
Results After 10 days of training in nicotine self-administration, the 30 rats demonstrated significant increase in the number of active poke responses and the number of nicotine infusion, which were maintained at a stable and relatively high level. The number of active poke responses was significantly higher that of inactive poke responses (P< 0.001). The rat model of intravenous nicotine self-administration was successfully established. In the testing phase, under the FR2 schedule, the menthol group showed a reduced number of active poke responses (P=0.020). Under the FR5 schedule, the groups showed obvious interaction between time and the number of active poke responses (P<0.011), with the menthol group showing reduced number of active poke responses on day three (P=0.011) and the cineole group showing rising number of active poke responses on day three (P=0.003). The DMSO control group did not show any significant change.
Conclusions Menthol and cineole are shown to have an effect on nicotine dependence. When there is relative difficulty involved in obtaining nicotine, menthol suppresses nicotine dependence, whereas cineole enhances nicotine dependence.
- Nicotine dependence,
- Menthol,
- Cineole,
- Self-administration

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References (27)

References

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Animal Experimental Study of the Role of Menthol and Cineole, Two Tobacco Additives, on Nicotine Dependence

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