Analysis of the Related Risk Factors of Cerebral AVM Hemorrhage and the Relationship Between EPCs and SDF-1 in Brain AVM

JIANG Zong-fei; ZHU Si-quan; LI Qiang; LIU Zhen-rui; GAO Yong; SONG Chun-yu

doi:10.12182/20200760604

Volume 51 Issue 4

Jul. 2020

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JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCIENCES) > 2020 > 51(4): 556-561. > DOI: 10.12182/20200760604

JIANG Zong-fei, ZHU Si-quan, LI Qiang, et al. Analysis of the Related Risk Factors of Cerebral AVM Hemorrhage and the Relationship Between EPCs and SDF-1 in Brain AVM[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2020, 51(4): 556-561. DOI: 10.12182/20200760604

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Analysis of the Related Risk Factors of Cerebral AVM Hemorrhage and the Relationship Between EPCs and SDF-1 in Brain AVM

Department of Neurosurgery, Jinan People's Hospital, Jinan 271100, China

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Corresponding author:
SONG Chun-yu, E-mail: yujj510@163.com
Received Date: November 10, 2019
Revised Date: February 25, 2020
Available Online: July 20, 2020
Published Date: July 19, 2020

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To explore the related risk factors of hemorrhage in human brain cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) and the relationship between endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) content and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in different ages.
Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 130 patients with cerebral AVM who underwent surgical treatment from May 2012 to October 2018. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis was used to investigate the related risk factors of cerebral AVM hemorrhage. Forty paraffin specimens of human brain AVM were harvested from 24 cases of cerebral hemorrhage patients and 16 cases of non-cerebral hemorrhage patients Paraffin samples of cerebral cortex from 8 patients with epilepsy during the same period were selected as control. Positive expression of CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR2) in brain tissue samples of both groups were used to identify EPCs. Immunofluorescence double staining was used for KDR2 and CD34 positive localization to determine EPCs localization, and SDF-1 expression detection was performed.
Results The size of brain AVM<3 cm, deep brain AVM and single venous drainage are independent risk factors for cerebral AVM hemorrhage. Immunohistochemical results showed that CD34 and KDR2 were expressed in cerebral AVM group, but not in the control group. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that EPCs mainly existed at the edge of vascular wall, while SDF-1 could co-stain with alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) positive cells and CD31 positive cells. SDF-1 expression in brain AVM tissue was higher than that in control group. There were significant differences in the number of EPCs among the patients of different ages (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in EPCs between cerebral hemorrhage group and non-hemorrhage group (P>0.05).
Conclusion Brain AVM (<3 cm), single venous drainage and deep brain AVM are independent risk factors for cerebral AVM hemorrhage. In human brain AVM, EPC appears high level but decrease with age, which may play a role in vascular remodeling in AVM.
- Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1),
- Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM),
- Age,
- Endothelial cells

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Analysis of the Related Risk Factors of Cerebral AVM Hemorrhage and the Relationship Between EPCs and SDF-1 in Brain AVM

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