Application of Domestic Robotic Surgical Systems in Gynecologic Surgery

In recent years, domestically developed surgical robot systems have rapidly progressed from laboratory research to clinical applications in gynecological surgery, demonstrating multi-dimensional advancement and accelerated development. Systems such as Toumai, Jingfeng, Surui, Haishanyi, and MicroHand S have been progressively deployed in both routine and complex procedures, including surgeries for uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, and gynecologic malignancies such as cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. These systems have established a technology pathway characterized by independent research and development, clinical validation, and expanded indications. They generally offer advantages such as 3D high-definition imaging, highly flexible robotic arms, and precise dissection capabilities, enabling refined operations in the deep pelvis and supporting multi-angle tissue dissection with enhanced visualization, stability, and trauma control. Some systems, including the Surui and Jingfeng SP series, have also demonstrated strong adaptability in single-port and natural orifice (e.g., v-NOTES) approaches. Additionally, 5G-based telesurgery has been preliminarily explored, promoting regional medical collaboration and technology dissemination in underserved areas. Although most domestic systems remain in early-stage clinical adoption with limited large-scale comparative studies and long-term follow-up data, initial outcomes are promising in terms of intraoperative safety, postoperative recovery, and patient experience. However, compared to the Da Vinci system, further evidence is needed regarding their precision in highly complex tumor resections, management of intraoperative complications, and long-term oncological outcomes. Therefore, large-sample, multi-center, prospective studies with long-term follow-up are urgently needed to validate their efficacy and safety and to promote standardized application in gynecological oncology.