Application of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Hepatobiliary-Specific Contrast Agent Gd-EOB-DTPA in the Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Focal Liver Lesions

There are many types of focal liver lesions (FLL) presenting different lesion signs and their diagnosis and differential diagnosis are relatively difficult. It is of great clinical significance to accurately detect, classify and characterize focal liver lesions as soon as possible. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) provides information on liver cell density, microstructure, and microcirculation perfusion. Gadolinium-ethoxibenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) is a hepatobiliary-specific contrast agent. Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI examination of liver provides information on the blood perfusion of lesions and specific information on the uptake function of normal liver cells. The combined application of the two can significantly improve the sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy in the detection of FLL. Herein, we reviewed the research findings on the application of DWI and Gd-EOB-DTPA in FLL diagnosis in order to provide reference for further clinical application. Most of the existing studies only made comparison and discussion of the DWI image quality of different b values and their fitted apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values before and after Gd-EOB-DTPA enhancement, and the reported findings are not only varied, but also inconsistent. Whether Gd-EOB-DTPA will affect DWI images is still been debated. Future research should focus on quantitative comparison, discussion and verification of the enhancement effect after injection of Gd-EOB-DTPA, as well as the changes in the ADC value corresponding to different b values before and after enhancement, in order to provide more objective and consistent research results for clinical application.