Abstract: Objective To study the effects of sodium ferulate on inflammation in human lung epithelial cells (A549) under oxidative stress and itsinfluence onthe expression of inflammasome NACHT-PYD-containing protein 3 (NALP3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Methods Human lung epithelial cells A549 cultured In vitro were divided into 4 groups, including control group, H ₂ O ₂ (100 μmol/L) stress group, NF-κB blockers group (PDTC 100 μmol/L+ H ₂ O ₂ 100 μmol/L), sodium ferulate （SF） intervention group (SF 400 μg/mL+H ₂ O ₂ 100 μmol/L). The expression of NALP3, IκBα protein were evaluated by Western blot, while mRNA levels of NALP3,NF-κB（P65） were measured by qRT-PCR.The level of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) were detected by ELISA. Results H ₂ O ₂ not only increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of NALP3, but also enhanced the secretion of IL-1β in human lung epithelial cells A549 (P<0.05) when compared with control group.NF-κB blockers PDTC and sodium ferulateresisted the effects of H ₂ O ₂ on A549 cells, that decreased the mRNA and protein expression of NALP3 and the mRNA expression of NF-κB (P65), reduced the degeneration of IκBα and the secretion of IL-1β (P<0.05) when compared to H ₂ 2O ₂ stress group. Conclusion SF may reduce the expression of NALP3 and IL-1β by inhibiting NF-κB, so as to reduce the inflammation caused by oxidative stress.