Abstract: Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of major depression disorder (MDD） in local teachers at an early stage post Lushan earthquake. Methods A prospective cohort study was undertaken, with 319 local teachers receiving diagnostic MDD assessment using MINI 14-22 d and 85-95 d after the earthquake, respectively. Possible predictive factors were identified using a self-developed questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of MDD. Results Fifteen (4.70%) local teachers were diagnosed with MDD. Those who had an injured direct relative 〔odds ratio (OR)=6.26)〕, with inhabitable house (OR=4.26), and felt easy to get sad 14-20 d weeks post earthquake (OR=11.45) were more likely to suffer from MDD than others. An anxious emotion 14-20 d post earthquake was a protective factor (OR=0.14) of MDD. Conclusion Post earthquake MDD in local teachers deserves concerns, especially for those who have injured relatives, with an inhabitable house, and who feel easy to get sad 14-20 d post earthquake.