Abstract: Chronic diseases pose a major public health challenge in China. Clarifying the responsibilities of key stakeholders in chronic disease prevention and control and fostering synergy among them are essential to advancing the goals of the Healthy China 2030 Initiative. Utilizing the World Health Organization's Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions (ICCC) framework, we systematically analyzed how stakeholder responsibilities are defined in China's chronic disease prevention and control system, along with current coordination efforts and persistent challenges. We propose the following reform recommendations: strengthening governmental leadership by improving legislation and policy implementation standards, expanding health insurance coverage, and enhancing capacity building at the primary care level alongside patient education; establishing cross-departmental coordination mechanisms, encouraging social sector engagement, and improving communication, referral, incentive, and oversight mechanisms; accelerating the development of information system in central/western and rural areas, and promoting the application of big data and artificial intelligence technologies; fostering a supportive social environment through implementing incentive measures, promoting primordial prevention, and advancing healthy community initiatives. The implementation of these multifaceted measures is expected to enhance the quality and efficiency of chronic disease prevention and control, thereby contributing to the achievement of the goals of the Healthy China Initiative.