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青少年非自杀性自伤与家庭复原力的关系：一项有调节的中介效应研究

Relationship Between Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Family Resilience Among Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探析生活满意度和社会支持在青少年非自杀性自伤（non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI）与家庭复原力关系之间的中介和调节作用。
    方法 选取成都儿童正向成长队列（Chengdu Positive Child Development, CPCD）中2022年6月第四轮调查的8372名青少年作为研究对象。采用问卷调查法评定调查对象NSSI行为、家庭复原力、生活满意度、社会支持、人口学资料等相关信息。采用卡方检验、独立样本t检验比较组间差异，Pearson相关分析评估各变量之间的相关性，二元logistic回归分析青少年NSSI影响因素，利用Mplus 7.0统计软件设定结构方程模型。
    结果 研究对象NSSI发生率为23.7%。logistic回归分析显示，家庭复原力〔比值比（odds ratio, OR）=0.932，95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）：0.895～0.970〕、女性（OR=0.873，95%CI：0.784～0.972）、家长受教育程度（OR=0.816，95%CI：0.686～0.971）、社会支持（OR=0.801，95%CI：0.735～0.873）、生活满意度（OR=0.558，95%CI：0.532～0.587）为NSSI的保护因素。结构方程模型结果表明，家庭复原力可直接影响青少年NSSI（β=－0.031，95%CI：－0.053～－0.011），也可以通过生活满意度的中介作用对青少年NSSI产生影响（间接效应β=－0.048，95%CI：－0.057～－0.039）。家庭复原力与社会支持的交互项对生活满意度的预测效应为负向（β=－0.037，95%CI：－0.059～－0.014），对NSSI的预测效应为正向（β=0.024，95%CI：0.002～0.047），表明社会支持在家庭复原力对生活满意度和NSSI影响路径中具有调节作用。
    结论 家庭复原力可直接并通过生活满意度的中介作用、社会支持的调节作用影响青少年NSSI，提示相关干预措施应重视提升家庭复原力水平、青少年生活满意度和社会支持。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  To examine the mediating role of life satisfaction and the moderating role of social support in the relationship between family resilience and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents.
    Methods  A total of 8372 adolescents from the fourth wave (June 2022) of the Chengdu Positive Child Development (CPCD) cohort were included. Data were collected using questionnaires assessing NSSI, family resilience, life satisfaction, social support, and demographic characteristics. Chi-square tests and independent samples t-tests were used to analyze inter-group differences. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the associations among variables. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with NSSI among adolescents. Structural equation modeling was conducted using Mplus 7.0.
    Results  The prevalence of NSSI among the participants was 23.7%. Logistic regression analysis showed that higher family resilience (odds ratio OR = 0.932, 95% CI: 0.895-0.970), being female (OR = 0.873, 95% CI: 0.784-0.972), higher parental education level (OR = 0.816, 95% CI: 0.686-0.971), greater social support (OR = 0.801, 95% CI: 0.735-0.873), and higher life satisfaction (OR = 0.558, 95% CI: 0.532-0.587) were all significant protective factors against NSSI. Structural equation modeling further demonstrated that family resilience affected NSSI among adolescents indirectly (β = －0.031, 95% CI: －0.053 to －0.011) and indirectly through the mediating effect of life satisfaction (indirect effect: β = －0.048, 95% CI:－0.057 to －0.039). The interaction between family resilience and social support had a negative predictive effect on life satisfaction (β = －0.037, 95% CI: －0.059 to －0.014) and a positive predictive effect on NSSI (β = 0.024, 95% CI: 0.002-0.047), indicating that social support played a moderating role in the pathways from family resilience to life satisfaction and NSSI.
    Conclusion Family resilience influences adolescent NSSI both directly and indirectly through the mediating role of life satisfaction and the moderating effect of social support. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing family resilience, as well as promoting adolescents’ life satisfaction and perceived social support, in the development of effective interventions to prevent NSSI.

     

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