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魏洁雅, 张德茂, 谢静, 等. 软骨细胞葡萄糖代谢研究的新进展[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2021, 52(6): 923-928. DOI: 10.12182/20211160206
引用本文: 魏洁雅, 张德茂, 谢静, 等. 软骨细胞葡萄糖代谢研究的新进展[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2021, 52(6): 923-928. DOI: 10.12182/20211160206
WEI Jie-ya, ZHANG De-mao, XIE Jing, et al. Research Progress in Glucose Metabolism of Chondrocytes[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2021, 52(6): 923-928. DOI: 10.12182/20211160206
Citation: WEI Jie-ya, ZHANG De-mao, XIE Jing, et al. Research Progress in Glucose Metabolism of Chondrocytes[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2021, 52(6): 923-928. DOI: 10.12182/20211160206

软骨细胞葡萄糖代谢研究的新进展

Research Progress in Glucose Metabolism of Chondrocytes

  • 摘要: 关节软骨是一种缺乏血管分布的组织,软骨细胞代谢所需的葡萄糖和氧气供应受限。本文对软骨细胞葡萄糖代谢特点及骨关节炎过程中软骨细胞葡萄糖代谢变化的研究新进展进行综述。目前研究发现,软骨细胞从关节滑液和软骨下骨中获取葡萄糖,经特定的转运载体家族摄入葡萄糖,并主要通过糖酵解和线粒体呼吸途径代谢葡萄糖以产生腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(adenosine triphosphate, ATP)。线粒体呼吸对软骨细胞合成ATP的贡献较小。软骨细胞表现出对糖酵解产能的显著依赖性,具有Warburg效应和Crabtree效应。在骨关节炎过程中,软骨细胞葡萄糖代谢紊乱表现为线粒体呼吸进一步受到抑制,糖酵解过度活跃或出现障碍,ATP总产量减少。然而,来自滑液和软骨下骨的葡萄糖供应对软骨细胞的重要性尚未明确,对骨关节炎发生发展过程中软骨细胞糖酵解途径变化的认识仍存在争议。因此,未来的研究需加强对生理病理条件下软骨细胞葡萄糖代谢特点的探索以期为诊断和治疗骨关节炎提供新方法。

     

    Abstract: Chondrocytes have a limited supply of glucose and oxygen for metabolism since articular cartilages are relatively avascular. We herein reviewed the characteristics of chondrocyte glucose metabolism and the new research progress in chondrocyte glucose metabolism in the osteoarthritis process. Current research has shown that chondrocytes obtain glucose from synovial fluids and subchondral bones, take in glucose via specific glucose transporters, and metabolize glucose mainly through glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Glucose metabolism in chondrocytes is distinctive because it relies much more on glycolysis rather than mitochondrial respiration for ATP production, and shows Warburg effect and Crabtree effect. In osteoarthritic chondrocytes, the glucose metabolism disorder is presented as further suppression of mitochondrial respiration, over-active or impaired glycolysis, and decreased total production of ATP. However, the significance of the glucose supply for chondrocytes from synovial fluids and subchondral bones remains undefined. There are still disputes in the understanding of the changes in glycolytic pathways in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Therefore, future research is needed to explore the characteristics of glucose metabolism in normal and osteoarthritic chondrocytes in order to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis.

     

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