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王婷, 孙东雷, 赵田禾, 等. 中国直饮水及相关卫生标准比较分析[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2021, 52(5): 729-734. DOI: 10.12182/20210660101
引用本文: 王婷, 孙东雷, 赵田禾, 等. 中国直饮水及相关卫生标准比较分析[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2021, 52(5): 729-734. DOI: 10.12182/20210660101
WANG Ting, SUN Dong-lei, ZHAO Tian-he, et al. Comparative Analysis of Direct Drinking Water and the Relevant Sanitation Standards in China[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2021, 52(5): 729-734. DOI: 10.12182/20210660101
Citation: WANG Ting, SUN Dong-lei, ZHAO Tian-he, et al. Comparative Analysis of Direct Drinking Water and the Relevant Sanitation Standards in China[J]. Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences), 2021, 52(5): 729-734. DOI: 10.12182/20210660101

中国直饮水及相关卫生标准比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Direct Drinking Water and the Relevant Sanitation Standards in China

  • 摘要: 随着经济技术的发展和优质饮用水需求的提高,直接饮用水(简称直饮水)在中国得到广泛应用。然而,迄今尚无对“直饮水”进行明确定义的权威文件,现有的直饮水相关标准或规范并不明确,水质指标缺乏依据,甚至互为矛盾。本文详细阐述了直饮水在中国的由来,系统梳理了我国已有的直饮水规范及标准,从微生物指标、毒理学指标、感官性状和一般化学指标3个方面对比分析了标准中的重要参数。首次深入剖析了直饮水应用乱象,指出了直饮水规范及标准存在的问题,可为规范直饮水市场及直饮水监督管理提供依据,同时为直饮水含义界定、直饮水国家标准立项征集和标准制定工作提供参考。我们提出几点建议:①界定直饮水含义,尽快出台直饮水国家标准。②开展水质基准研究,为我国直饮水标准的制定提供科学依据。③加强直饮水微生物指标及限值的制定,考虑纳入病毒指标。

     

    Abstract: Along with the economic and technological development and growing demand for high-quality drinking water, direct drinking water has gained general popularity in China. However, no authoritative policy has been issued, giving a clear definition of direct drinking water and existing standards and regulations concerning direct drinking water are not definitive in nature. Existing water quality parameters are not well supported and sometimes even contradict each other. We elaborated, in this paper, the history of direct drinking water in China and systematically reviewed the existing regulations and standards related to direct drinking water. We also compared and analyzed the important microbiology, toxicology, sensory perception and general chemistry parameters in the standards. This paper is the first ever attempt at an in-depth analysis of the chaotic state of the direct drinking water industry. We have also highlighted the problems in the current standards and regulations for direct drinking water. Our study provides a basis for market regulation and the supervision and management of direct drinking water. In addition, the paper provides helpful information for laying down a definition of direct drinking water, calling for and approving of project proposals concerning the establishment of national standards for direct drinking water, and actually formulating the standards. We have made a number of suggestions: A. defining direct drinking water clearly and formulating the national standards for direct drinking water as soon as possible; B. conducting research on water quality benchmarks to provide scientific support for the formulation of the national standards for direct drinking water; C. giving more attention to the formulation of standards concerning microbiology parameters and their limits and giving consideration to the inclusion of parameters concerning viruses.

     

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