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超声造影及多普勒超声用于MCAO大鼠早期颅内动态监测的实验研究

Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography and Color Doppler Ultrasonography for Dynamic Assessment of Intracranial Changes in Early MCAO Rats Models

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  通过超声造影（contrast-enhanced ultrasound, CEUS）与彩色频谱多普勒超声（color Doppler ultrasound, DUS）探索SD大鼠局灶性永久性缺血性模型早期的血流动力学改变和脑灌注定量参数的变化规律。
      方法  16只磨薄颅骨后的SD大鼠采用线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞（middle cerebral artery occlusion，MCAO）模型。于造模前（T0）、造模后即刻（造模后5～15 min, T1）、造模后3 h（T2）分别进行脑CEUS成像，并使用DUS测量大鼠双侧大脑中动脉（middle cerebral artery, MCA）、大脑前动脉（anterior cerebral artery, ACA）、大脑后动脉（posterior cerebral artery, PCA）的最大峰值流速（peak systolic velocity, PSV）、舒张末期流速（end-diastolic velocity, EDV）及平均流速（mean velocity, MV）。以右脑整体作为感兴趣区做大脑时间强度曲线，获得CEUS的定量参数：峰值强度（peak intensity, PI）、曲线下面积（area under the curve, AUC）、增强斜率（wash in slope, WIS）、达峰时间（time to peak, TTP）、上升时间（rise time, RT）及峰值下降至一半强度的时间（time from peak to one half, TPH）。造模后3 h行大鼠改良神经功能缺损评分（modified neurological deficit score, mNSS），对评分9～11分的造模成功大鼠的数据进行统计分析。
      结果  共12只大鼠造模成功。12只大鼠在T1及T2时右侧MCA及ACA均未见血流信号。从T0到T1，造模成功大鼠右脑PI、AUC及WIS降低，TTP、RT延长，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），但双侧颅内动脉的PSV、EDV和MV的差异无统计学意义。从T1到T2，CEUS定量参数（除外AUC和TPH）没有明显变化，而左侧大脑中动脉（LMCA）及双侧PCA的PSV、EDV及MV差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），T2时流速高于T1时流速。
      结论  CEUS和DUS能够较好地反映MCAO大鼠颅内血流动力学与脑组织灌注的变化趋势，提供了一个多时点评估缺血性脑卒中模型大鼠的新手段。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To assess the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and color Doppler ultrasound (DUS) on hemodynamic changes and cerebral perfusion quantitative analyses in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with focal permanent ischemic stroke.
      Methods  Sixteen SD rats with thin skulls were subjected to establish middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. CEUS images were performed before modeling (T0), immediately after modeling (5-15 min after modeling, T1), 3 h after modeling (T2), followed by the measurement of bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA) using DUS. The peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and mean velocity (MV) of these arteries were obtained. The brain time-intensity curve was taken as interest region of the whole right brain, and the quantitative parameters of CEUS were obtained, including peak intensity (PI), area under the curve (AUC), wash in slope (WIS), time to peak (TTP), rise time (RT) and time from peak to one half (TPH). The modified neurological deficit score (mNSS) of the rats was performed 3 h after the modeling, and the data of the rats with a score of 9-11 were statistically analyzed.
      Results   A total of 12 rats were successfully modeled and completed with mNSS score 9-11. No blood flow signals were observed on the right MCA and ACA in the 12 rats at T1 and T2. From T0 to T1, PI, AUC and WIS of the right hemisphere decreased sharply with TTP and RT significantly prolonged, and the differences were statistically significant. However, there was no significant difference in hemodynamic parameters at that period of time. From T1 to T2, there were no significant changes in CEUS quantitative parameters (except AUC and TPH), while PSV, EDV, MV of LMCA and bilateral PCA showed significant acceleration, and the differences were statistically significant.
      Conclusion  CEUS and DUS can reveal the intracranial hemodynamics and brain tissue perfusion trends of MCAO rats, which could be new methods in assessment of ischemic stroke model at multiple time points.

     

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