Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects of Genistein (Gen) on the whole expression profiles of testes in mice by using the gene chip technology, and analyze the mechanism how Gen exerts testis on gene level. Methods The testicular tissues of suckling mice were cultured in vitro, and separated into control group and Gen group with the dose of 5 μmol/L. After 72 h of culture, we extracted the total RNA and purified it, then detected the gene expression by using Agilent gene array. Results Compared with the control, there were 84 genes expressed differently in Gen group, including 47 upregulated genes and 37 downregulated genes. We classified these genes as 14 categories in Gen group by GO ( P<0.05), including cell proliferation, cell death, the immune system and reproductive development. Conclusion The whole gene chip test found that Gen can mainly affect the functions of testes by regulating the expression of gene related to cell development, proliferation and cell cycle function, which can influence the spermatogenesis and change the testis cell proliferation and apoptosis.