Abstract: Aesthetic stomatology, also known as aesthetic dentistry or dental aesthetics, is an emerging interdisciplinary field of dentistry and has been recognized as one of the areas that underwent the most groundbreaking developments in the history of dentistry during the 20th century. Beginning with the origins of aesthetic concepts in dentistry, this article systematically traces the formation and development of the discipline, covering key milestones such as the development of the theoretical framework, the establishment of academic organizations, the compilation of specialized textbooks, and the advancement of international academic exchange. Particular emphasis is placed on the founding of the Oral Aesthetics Professional Committee of the Chinese Stomatological Association and the introduction of a new diagnostic and treatment concept centered on “oral aesthetic defects”. Through a comprehensive review and systematic discussion of these developments, this article aims to delineate the historical trajectory of the discipline of aesthetic stomatology in China from its inception to maturity.