Abstract: With the development of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), major breakthroughs have been made in this field of study. However, the research fields still need to be continuously expanded to meet the needs of patients. The concept of precision therapy is widely applied in the field of nursing. Under the concept of ERAS, practical studies of applying precision nursing for the perioperative period have already been conducted, exploring such issues as precision nursing assessment, precision nursing intervention design, precision risk prediction model, and information technology to assist precision nursing practice. Research findings have preliminarily validated the safety and effectiveness of applying precision nursing for ERAS in the perioperative period. Herein, we reviewed the reported findings of relevant research published in recent years and identified the following problems in the implementation of precision nursing under the ERAS concept, a lack of implementation standards, challenges concerning the the role of nurses, a lack of high-quality research evidence in the existing literature, and a relevant big data processing platform that China does not have and therefore cannot carry out data sharing, integration, mining, and utilization. We also made suggestions for effective improvement and discussed research prospects. In the future, multidisciplinary collaboration, translational medical research, and the development of various innovative tools are to be strengthened to help improve the quality and effectiveness of nursing care. We hope to provide reference for improving the scientific and targeted implementation of precision nursing for ERAS in the perioperative period.