Abstract: Objective To explore the expression of IL-10 and IL-17 in endometrial cancer and their relationships with tumor progression. Methods The sera levels of IL-10 and IL-17 were detected by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay in 15 benign hysterectomies and 15 endometrial cancers, the expressions of IL-10 and IL-17 in the tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry assay (SABC) with the evaluation of IOD value, clinic-pathological characteristics were retrieved and analyzed. Results Both sera expression and tissue IOD value of IL-10 were significantly higher in endometrial cancer than those in benign uterine, while no difference was found in IL-17 between the two groups. Sera IL-10 of ⅠB-Ⅱ stage, G2-G3, with myoinvasion, with vas tumor emboli was higher than that of ⅠA stage, G1, without myoinvasion, and without vas tumor emboli, while no difference was found among tissue types. Sera IL-17 of ⅠB-Ⅱ stage, with myoinvasion, with vas tumor emboli was lower than that of IA stage, without myoinvasion, and without vas tumor emboli, while no difference was found among tumor grades nor tissue types. Conclusion High expression of IL-10 may participate in the genesis and development of uterine endometrial cancer, while low expression of IL-17 may participate in its development.