Abstract: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is a first-line treatment for insomnia disorder. Herein, we reviewed the currently prevailing forms of application of CBT-I and the corresponding studies on their health economics, comparing them with medication treatment. At present, most of the findings suggest that CBT-I has long-lasting effects and can help reduce future medical costs, thus showing long-term economic advantages. At present, there are no relevant research reports on the economic benefits of CBT-I in China. This review could provide reference for relevant studies to be conducted in the future in China. In addition, it provides reference from an economic perspective for clinicians and patients and facilitates their decision-making concerning using CBT-I as a treatment option for insomnia in the future.